53 Top BACTERIA MORPHOLOGY Questions and Answers

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1. Which of the following bacteria lack a cell wall and are therefore resistant to penicillin?

A. Cyanobacteria
B. Mycoplasmas
C. Bdellovibrios
D. Spirochetes

Answer: B

2. A cluster of polar flagella is called

A. lophotrichous
B. amphitrichous
C. monotrichous
D. petritrichous

Answer: A

3. Flagella move the cell by

A. many flagella beating in a synchronous, whip-like motion
B. an individual flagellum beating in a whip-like motion
C. spinning like a propeller
D. attaching to nearby particles and contracting

Answer: C

4. The protein from which hook and filaments of flagella are composed of, is

A. keratin
B. flagellin
C. gelatin
D. casein

Answer: B

5. The cooci which mostly occur in single or pairs are

A. Streptococci
B. Diplococci
C. Tetracocci
D. None of these

Answer: B

6. Which of the following may contain fimbriae?

A. Gram-positive bacteria
B. Gram-negative bacteria
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. None of these

Answer: B

7. Peptidoglycan accounts for __________ of the dry weight of cell wall in many gram positive bacteria

A. 50% or more
B. About 10%
C. 11%+ 0.22%
D. About 20%

Answer: A

8. Bacteria having no flagella are unable to

A. move
B. reproduce
C. stick to tissue surfaces
D. grow in nutrient agar

Answer: A

9. Which of the following is true about cell wall of gram-positive bacteria?

A. It consists of multiple layers
B. It is thicker than that associated with gram-negative bacteria
C. It contains teichoic acids
D. All of these

Answer: D

10. The cell walls of many gram positive bacteria can be easily destroyed by the enzyme known as

A. lipase
B. lysozyme
C. pectinase
D. peroxidase

Answer: B

11. The cell wall of

A. gram-positive bacteria are thicker than gram-negative bacteria
B. gram-negative bacteria are thicker than gram-positive bacteria
C. both have same thickness but composition is different
D. none of these

Answer: A

12. Peptidoglycan is also known as

A. N-acetyl muramic acid
B. murein mucopeptide
C. N acetylglucosamine
D. mesodiaminopimetic acid

Answer: B

13. Genetic system is located in the prokaryotes in

A. nucleoid
B. chromatin
C. nuclear material
D. all of these

Answer: D

14. Which is most likely to be exposed on the surface of a gram-negative bacterium?

A. Pore protein (porin)
B. Protein involved in energy generation
C. Lipoteichoic acid
D. Phospholipids

Answer: A

15. The last step in synthesis of peptidoglycan is

A. attachment of a peptide to muramic acid
B. attaching two amino acids to form a cross-link
C. attachment of a portion of peptidoglycan to a membrane lipid
D. binding of penicillin to a membrane protein

Answer: B

17. The cocci which forms a bunch and irregular pattern are

A. Staphylococci
B. diplococci
C. Tetracocci
D. Streptococci

Answer: A

18. Chemotaxis is a phenomenon of

A. swimming away of bacteria
B. swimming towards a bacteria
C. swimming away or towards of bacteria in presence of chemical compound
D. none of the above

Answer: C

19. The structure responsible for motility of bacteria is

A. pilli
B. flagella
C. sheath
D. capsules

Answer: B

20. The next to last step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis is

A. synthesis of the NAM-peptide subunit
B. removal of the subunit from bactoprenol
C. linking the sugar of the disaccharide-peptide unit to the growing peptidoglycan chain
D. cross-linking the peptide side chains of peptidoglycan

Answer: C

21. The cocci which forms a chain is

A. Streptococci
B. diplococci
C. Staphylococci
D. Tetracocci

Answer: A

22. The arrangement, in which flagella are distributed all round the bacterial cell, is known as

A. lophotrichous B. amphitrichous
C. peritrichous D. monotrichous

Answer: C

23. Periplasm is

A. the area between the inner and outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria
B. the area between the inner and outer membranes of Gram-positive bacteria
C. the interior portion of mitochondria
D. the area outside the cell membrane that is influenced by the polymers

Answer: A

24. Which of the following has peptidoglycan as a major constituent of cell wall?

A. Gram-negative bacteria
B. Gram-positive bacteria
C. Fungi
D. None of these

Answer: B

25. The common word for bacteria which are helically curved rods is

A. cooci B. pleomorphic
C. bacillus D. spirilla

Answer: D

26. The bacteria deficient in cell wall is

A. Treponema
B. Mycoplasma
C. Staphylococcus
D. Klebsiella

Answer: B

27. Which of the following is not true about peptidoglycan?

A. It is a polymer consisting of N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl muramic acid and amino acids (alanine, lysine, etc.)
B. It is present in prokaryotic cell wall
C. It occurs in the form of a bag shaped macro molecule surrounding the cytoplasm membrane
D. None of the above

Answer: D

28. The common word for bacteria which are spherical in shape is

A. cocci B. bacilli
C. spirilla D. pleomorphic

Answer: A

29. Single or clusters of flagella at both poles is known as

A. monotrichous
B. petritrichous
C. amphitrichous
D. none of these

Answer: C

30. Which of the following bacterial genera (that produces endospore) have medical importance?

A. Clostridium
B. Bacillus
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. None of these

Answer: C

BACTERIA MORPHOLOGY Questions and Answers pdf ::

31. Microcapsules are composed of

A. proteins
B. polysaccharides
C. lipids
D. all of these

Answer: D

32. Gram positive cells have a

A. second outer membrane that helps to retain the crystal violet stain
B. multiple layer of peptidoglycan that helps to retain the crystal violet stain
C. thick capsule that traps the crystal violet stain
D. periplasmic space that traps the crystal violet

Answer: B

33. The common word for bacteria which are straight rod in shape is

A. cooci B. bacilli
C. spirilla D. pleomorphic

Answer: B

34. A single polar flagella is known as

A. monotrichous
B. lophotrichous
C. amphitrichous
D. none of these

Answer: A

36. In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are

A. 70S
B. 60S
C. 80S
D. Not specific

Answer: C

37. Porins are located in

A. the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria
B. the peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria
C. the cytoplasmic membrane of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria
D. the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria

Answer: A

38. Which of the following is exposed on the outer surface of a gram-negative bacterium?

A. O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
B. Polysaccharide portion of lipoteichoic acid (LTA)
C. Braun lipoprotein
D. Electron transport system components

Answer: A

39. Which of the following does not contain protein?

A. Pili
B. Flagellum
C. Lipoteichoic acid
D. Porin

Answer: C

40. Swimming towards a chemical of bacteria is termed as

A. positive chemotaxis
B. negative chemotaxis
C. phototaxis
D. magnetotaxis

Answer: C

41. Chemically the capsule may be

A. polypeptide
B. polysaccharide
C. either (a) or (b)
D. none of these

Answer: C

42. Peptidoglycan is found only in the bacterial

A. cell membrane
B. glycocalyx
C. cell wall
D. spore

Answer: C

43. The cell walls of Gram positive bacteria contain two modified sugar, viz. N- acetylgucosamine (NAG) and N- acetylmuramic acid (NAM). They are covalently linked by

A. α- 1,4-glycosidic bond
B. β-1,6-glycosidic bond
C. α- 1,6-glycosidic bond
D. β- 1,4-glycosidic bond

Answer: D

44. Which of the following organism has sterols in their cytoplasmic membrane?

A. Clostridum
B. Proteus
C. Mycoplasma
D. Bacillius

Answer: C

45. Name the component of flagellum.

A. Filament
B. Hook
C. Basal body
D. All of these

Answer: D

46. The location where the bacterial chromosome concentrates is called

A. nucleus
B. nuclein
C. nucleoid
D. nucleose

Answer: C

47. Which of the following is analogous to mesosomes of bacteria?

A. Mitochondria of eukaryotes
B. Golgi apparatus of eukaryotes
C. Lysosomes of eukaryotes
D. None of these

Answer: A

48. Which of the following has Chinese letter arrangement?

A. Bacillus anthracis
B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
C. Clostridium tetani
D. Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Answer: D

49. The other name for peptidoglycan is

A. mucopeptide
B. murein
C. both (a) & (b)
D. none of these

Answer: C

50. Cyanobacteria have

A. a gram-positive cell wall
B. a gram-negative cell wall
C. Neither (a) nor (b)
D. No cell wall

Answer: B

51. In which of the following, lipo-polysaccharide is a major constituent of outer membrane of the cellwall?

A. Gram-positive bacteria
B. Gram-negative bacteria
C. Fungi
D. None of these

Answer: B

52. Which of the following structure(s) is /are external to cell wall?

A. Flagella
B. Stalks
C. Sheath
D. All of these

Answer: D

53. Which of the following may be most likely to be missing from a gram-positive bacterium?

A. Penicillin binding protein
B. Peptidoglycan
C. Lipopolysaccharide
D. Phospholipid bilayer membrane

Answer: C